The war between Russia and the republic of Georgia is very much in the news today, and this is an area that I have long been fascinated in. The Caucasus region lies between the Black and Caspian seas, and is home to a mighty mountain range with spectacular scenery. It is the crossroads between Russia, Europe, the middle east and east asia, and is home to an astonishing crazy quilt of obscure but fascinating ethnic groups long dominated by Russia, christian and muslim. Genghis Khan's hordes, Persia, the Ottoman empire and Russia have fought over this strategic area for ages.
Naturally, this region has a rich tradition of folk music, and a number of composers, both native to the region and foreign , have written colorful and exciting music based on that tradition. Aram Khatchaturian (1903- 1978 ) was born in Tbilisi of Armenian parents, studied in Russia and wrote some garish but exciting works based on Armenian and Caucasian music. The famous Sabre Dance comes from his ballet score "Gayaneh" (Guy-a -neh), a tale of life in Soviet Armenia. His three symphonies, the violin and piano concertos, and other works are not profound, but very entertaining.
The late 19th and early 20th century Russian composer Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov (quite a mouthful), was fascinated by Caucasian and central asian music, and his orchestral suite"Caucasian Sketches", is ocaisionally heard, and very entertaining. A second suite is almost totally unknown, but I have a recording on the Naxos label which also includes the first suite. Check this CD out at the Naxos website.
Giya Kancheli (1935-) , is the best known Georgian composer of the present day. he currently lives in Germany , and I have a Sony Classical CD of two of his symphonies which I find very interesting. Kancheli has written a variety of other works which can be heard on CD.
The eminent conductor Valery Gergiev, now conductor of the London Symphony orchestra, music director of the Maryinsky opera in St. Petersburg, and principal guest conductor at the Metropolitan opera is often described as a Russian, but was born in Moscow of Ossetian parents. The Ossetians are the descendents of the ancient Scythian tribes, and speak a language related to Persian. Another eminent conductor also wrongly identified as Russian, is Yuri Temirkanov, music director of the St.Petersburgh Philharmonic. He is an ethnic Circassian. The Circassians live in the Black sea region a and are related to the Abkhazians.
I also have a CD by the Rustavi men's choir of Georgia singing the traditional polyphonic choral songs of that country on Sony Classical. It may not be currently available, but it's fascinating and well-worth looking for.